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Tuesday, June 21, 2011

8 Variety of Eye Disease

One mother told me about his son who contracted sore eyes at the school.

Initially in his class there is only one student who suffered from sore eyes. The next day sore eyes was contagious and infect dozens of other students.

Not reached a week, eventually nearly all students have red eyes, watery, and swollen.

Eye disease, as manifested Dr. Tjahjono Darminto Gondhowiardjo, Ph.D., Is contagious.

Transmission is usually through the media that intentionally or not, has touched the patient.

For example, patients discharged rubbed his eyes and then shook hands with others.

As a result the person may have contracted a similar illness.

However, although contagious, said Tjahjono, how to prevent eye disease is actually very simple, namely by separating the equipment / supplies that are used everyday people.

For example towels, blankets, or clothing.

HANDLING THE FIRST

Naturally, the eye actually have a mechanism to overcome their own problems.

For example, dust enters and makes eye smth will come out with just a wink repeatedly.

Only when a way that does not work and the eyes still red, so the first can be done is to encourage the child to rest and not leave the house temporarily in order to avoid severe inflammation in the eye.

Drug-counter eye drops may be used, but if after three times use of the eyes showed no symptoms improve then hurry went to the optometrist.

Tjahjono asserted, eye drops should not be used long term because it can cause inflammation / irritation sustainable.

"Eye drops using acidic chemicals that tend to cause stinging in the eyes.

Its function is also actually to reduce the irritation caused by dust or wind. However, eye pain due to infections caused by viruses or bacteria can not only overcome with the drops but need a more comprehensive treatment by an eye doctor, "says ophthalmologist from Jakarta Eye Centre.

VARIOUS EYE DISEASES

To note, the eye disease is very diverse species and not all are infectious diseases.

Contagious eye disease that can be caused only by viruses or bacteria, while those caused by allergies are not contagious.

Efforts to cure sore eyes due to allergies can be done with routine treatment and keep the eye to be free from peemicu sources such as dust, dander, smoke, and others.

This is the variety of eye diseases and how to handle such expressed Tjahjono:

1. Conjunctivitis (CONTAGIOUS)

Is the irritation / inflammation caused by infection of the membrane that lines the eye. Symptoms eyes reddened, painful, watery, itchy, out of dirt (belekan), and vision (blurred).

The disease is contagious and can last for months is due to several factors, such as viral or bacterial infections, allergies (dust, pollen, feathers, wind, or smoke), the use of contact lenses that are less clean, and long-term use of contact lenses.

Babies can also suffer from similar illnesses. It's just cause more because of infections that arise when passing through the birth canal.

Because of that, the baby is called conjunctivitis gonococcal disease. As is known, the birth is not sterile from certain germs which may cause infection.

Well, when the baby was born through the birth canal (vagina), he would have exposed to the germs that exist in that location.

If the eyes can cause infections of the eye with a red eye symptoms and belekan.

Therefore, in general, neonatal eye will cure eye drops or antibiotic ointment to kill bacteria that can cause gonococcal conjunctivitis.

Handling:

* Compress the eye with warm water.

* Use eye drops or antibiotic ointment as prescribed. Usually the patient was also given tablets or injections to reduce the irritation and itching of the eyes.

* Clean your hands before applying the ointment so as not to cause more severe irritation.

* Try to keep the disease from spreading to others, such as separate tools are used and not used by others.

2. KERATOKONJUNGTIVITAS VERNALIS (KV)

Is the irritation / inflammation of the cornea (cornea) caused by allergies, causing pain.

Symptoms: red eyes, watery, itchy, swollen eyelids, and there was dirt eyes (belekan).

Please note that KV is a recurrent inflammation aka seasonal and tends to recur, especially sufferers in the summer.

Sometimes people with KV suffered damage to a small portion of the cornea that causes acute pain.

Handling:

* Do not touch or rub the eye because it can cause irritation

* Eyes compressed with warm water.

* Your doctor will prescribe eye drops.

3. ENDOFTALMITIS

Is an infection that occurs in the inner layer of the eye so that the eyeball fester. Symptoms include red eyes, pain, even to impaired vision.

Usually occurs because a child's eye punctured something like a stick or other sharp objects. The infection is severe enough to require immediate action because it can cause blindness.

Handling:

Doctors usually prescribe antibiotic eye.

* To remove the pus in the eye, the patient should undergo surgery.

4. Orbital cellulitis (SO)

That is inflammation of the tissues around the eyeball. Symptoms include red eyes, sore, swollen eyelids, eyeballs protruding and swollen, and the patient has a fever.

SO in children often occurs due to eye injury, sinus infection or infection from the teeth.

Definite diagnosis can be established through dental x-ray or CT scan sinuses. SO that is not addressed promptly can be fatal, such as blindness, brain infections or blood clots in the brain.

Handling:

* For cases of mild antibiotics can be administered orally.

* In severe cases intravenously administered antibiotics or even surgery to remove pus or infected sinuses drain.

5. Trachoma (CONTAGIOUS)

Is an infection of the eye caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis.

These bacteria breed in dirty environments or bad bersanitasi. Because of that, trachoma often affects children, especially in developing countries.

Exposure of bacteria takes place when children use a tool or object that has been contaminated with Chlamydia like a handkerchief or towel.

Trachoma symptoms are red eyes, removing impurities (belekan), swelling of the eyelids and the lymph nodes, and the cornea looks cloudy.

The disease is highly contagious.

Handling:

* Keep tools / objects that have been used patients from other family members.

* Patients will usually be given antibiotic ointment containing tetracycline and erythromycin for about a month even more.

* If not promptly treated can cause scarring on the cornea, causing eyelashes and there were folded into a visual impairment.

* If there is deformity of the eyelids or cornea may need to do surgery.

6. Blefaritis

In the eye there is a layer of tears is functioning to protect the eyes from irritation. A very fine layer consists of three glands, the oil glands, water and mucus.

blefaritis is an inflammation of the eyelids due to excess oil production from the oil glands.

It is not known exactly why oil production may become excessive.

Unfortunately there is excess oil in the near eyelid which is also often visited by bacteria.

Blefaritis symptoms of red eyes, sore, hot, itchy, watery, there is a wound in the eyelid and swell.

In some cases until there is loss of eyelashes.

There are two types of blefaritis blefaritis blefaritis anterior and posterior. The first is an inflammation of the eyelid the outside of the front that is in place attach eyelashes.

The cause is the bacteria staphylococcus.

The second is the inflammation of the inner eyelid, which is part of the eyelids that come into contact with eyes.

The cause is abnormalities in oil gland.

Handling:

* An effort to do that is by frequently clean around the eyelid to lift the oil.

There is a kind of special cleaners that can be used.

* To kill the bacteria used antibiotic ointment such as erythromycin or sulfacetamide. Can also with oral antibiotics such as tetracycline.

7. DAKRIOSISTITIS

The cause is dakriosistitis duct blockage that occurs in the ducts that drain nasolakrimalis tears into the nose.

Alergilah factors which cause blockage in the channel. The result is an infection in the area of ​​water that causes eye pain, redness and swelling, even to remove pus and the patient has a fever.

Mild infections will usually recover quickly despite swelling persists. While classified as severe may cause redness and thickening on the bag tears. If it continues to form pockets of pus.

Handling:

* By way of giving antibiotics orally or intravenously.

* Can be done compressing it with warm water around the bag tears

* If there is pus sac surgery will be performed.

8. Corneal ulcers (UK)

Is an infection of the outer cornea. Usually occurs due to fungi, viruses, protozoa, or because some types of bacteria such as staphylococcus, pseudomonas or pneumococcus.

Could be due to the original cause smth or punctured eye foreign body. UK sometimes occur across the surface of the cornea to the inside and back of the cornea.

 
UK are deteriorating can cause infectious complications in the deeper parts of the cornea, corneal perforation (occurring holes), the location of abnormalities iris (iris) and eye damage.

Symptoms of red eye, pain, itching, watery eyes appeared dirt, sensitive to light (photo phobia), in the cornea appear yellow spots of pus discharge, and impaired vision.

Handling:

* UK Patients need to perform various tests such as refraction test, tear test, measurement of the cornea (keratometri), and pupillary reflex response tests.

* UK light levels can be treated with eye drops containing antibiotics, antiviral or antifungal.

* Patients who are classified as severe may need to undergo surgery is corneal transplant.

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